LOCALECONV(3C) Standard C Library Functions LOCALECONV(3C)
NAME
localeconv - get numeric formatting information
SYNOPSIS
#include <locale.h>
struct lconv *localeconv(
void);
DESCRIPTION
The
localeconv() function sets the components of an object with type
struct lconv (defined in
<locale.h>) with the values appropriate for the
formatting of numeric quantities (monetary and otherwise) according to
the rules of the current locale (see
setlocale(3C)). The definition of
struct lconv is given below (the values for the fields in the "C" locale
are given in comments).
char *decimal_point; /* "." */
char *thousands_sep; /* "" (zero length string) */
char *grouping; /* "" */
char *int_curr_symbol; /* "" */
char *currency_symbol; /* "" */
char *mon_decimal_point; /* "" */
char *mon_thousands_sep; /* "" */
char *mon_grouping; /* "" */
char *positive_sign; /* "" */
char *negative_sign; /* "" */
char int_frac_digits; /* CHAR_MAX */
char frac_digits; /* CHAR_MAX */
char p_cs_precedes; /* CHAR_MAX */
char p_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
char n_cs_precedes; /* CHAR_MAX */
char n_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
char p_sign_posn; /* CHAR_MAX*/
char n_sign_posn; /* CHAR_MAX */
The following members are also available to SUSv3-conforming
applications. See
standards(7) char int_p_cs_precedes; /* CHAR_MAX */
char int_p_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
char int_n_cs_precedes; /* CHAR_MAX */
char int_n_sep_by_space; /* CHAR_MAX */
char int_p_sign_posn; /* CHAR_MAX */
char int_n_sign_posn; /* CHAR_MAX */
The members of the structure with type
char * are strings, any of which
(except
decimal_point) can point to a null string (""), to indicate that
the value is not available in the current locale or is of zero length.
The members with type
char are non-negative numbers, any of which can be
CHAR_MAX (defined in the
<limits.h> header) to indicate that the value is
not available in the current locale. The members are the following:
char *decimal_point The decimal-point character used to format
non-monetary quantities.
char *thousands_sep The character used to separate groups of
digits to the left of the decimal-point
character in formatted non-monetary
quantities.
char *grouping A string whose elements taken as one-byte
integer values indicate the size of each group
of digits in formatted non-monetary
quantities.
char *int_curr_symbol The international currency symbol applicable
to the current locale. The first three
characters contain the alphabetic
international currency symbol in accordance
with those specified in the ISO 4217: 1995
standard. The fourth character (immediately
preceding the null byte) is the character used
to separate the international currency symbol
from the monetary quantity.
char *currency_symbol The local currency symbol applicable to the
current locale.
char *mon_decimal_point The decimal point used to format monetary
quantities.
char *mon_thousands_sep The separator for groups of digits to the left
of the decimal point in formatted monetary
quantities.
char *mon_grouping A string whose elements taken as one-byte
integer values indicate the size of each group
of digits in formatted monetary quantities.
char *positive_sign The string used to indicate a non-negative-
valued formatted monetary quantity.
char *negative_sign The string used to indicate a negative-valued
formatted monetary quantity.
char int_frac_digits The number of fractional digits (those to the
right of the decimal point) to be displayed in
an internationally formatted monetary
quantity.
char frac_digits The number of fractional digits (those to the
right of the decimal point) to be displayed in
a formatted monetary quantity.
char p_cs_precedes Set to 1 or 0 if the
currency_symbol respectively precedes or succeeds the value
for a non-negative formatted monetary
quantity.
char p_sep_by_space Set to 0 if no space separates the
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol from the
value for a non-negative formatted monetary
quantity. Set to 1 if a space separates the
symbol from the value; and set to 2 if a space
separates the symbol and the sign string, if
adjacent.
char n_cs_precedes Set to 1 or 0 if the
currency_symbol respectively precedes or succeeds the value
for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
char n_sep_by_space Set to 0 if no space separates the
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol from the
value for a negative formatted monetary
quantity. Set to 1 if a space separates the
symbol from the value; and set to 2 if a space
separates the symbol and the sign string, if
adjacent.
char p_sign_posn Set to a value indicating the positioning of
the
positive_sign for a non-negative formatted
monetary quantity.
char n_sign_posn Set to a value indicating the positioning of
the
negative_sign for a negative formatted
monetary quantity.
char int_p_cs_precedes Set to 1 or 0 if the
int_curr_symbol respectively precedes or succeeds the value
for a non-negative internationally formatted
monetary quantity.
char int_n_cs_precedes Set to 1 or 0 if the
int_curr_symbol respectively precedes or succeeds the value
for a negative internationally formatted
monetary quantity.
char int_p_sep_by_space Set to a value indicating the separation of
the
int_curr_symbol, the sign string, and the
value for a non-negative internationally
formatted monetary quantity.
char int_n_sep_by_space Set to a value indicating the separation of
the
int_curr_symbol, the sign string, and the
value for a negative internationally formatted
monetary quantity.
char int_p_sign_posn Set to a value indicating the positioning of
the
positive_sign for a non-negative
internationally formatted monetary quantity.
char int_n_sign_posn Set to a value indicating the positioning of
the
negative_sign for a negative
internationally formatted monetary quantity.
The elements of
grouping and
mon_grouping are interpreted according to
the following:
{CHAR_MAX}
No further grouping is to be performed.
0 The previous element is to be repeatedly used for the
remainder of the digits.
other The integer value is the number of digits that comprise the
current group. The next element is examined to determine
the size of the next group of digits before the current
group.
The values of
p_sep_by_space,
n_sep_by_space,
int_p_sep_by_space, and
int_n_sep_by_space are interpreted according to the following:
0 No space separates the currency symbol and value.
1 If the currency symbol and sign string are adjacent, a space
separates them from the value; otherwise, a space separates the
currency symbol from the value.
2 If the currency symbol and sign string are adjacent, a space
separates them; otherwise, a space separates the sign string from
the value.
In an SUSv3-conforming application, for
int_p_sep_by_space and
int_n_sep_by_space, the fourth character of
int_curr_symbol is used
instead of a space.
The values of
p_sign_posn,
n_sign_posn,
int_p_sign_posn, and
int_n_sign_posn are interpreted according to the following:
0 Parentheses surround the quantity and
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol.
1 The sign string precedes the quantity and
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol.
2 The sign string succeeds the quantity and
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol.
3 The sign string immediately precedes the
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol.
4 The sign string immediately succeeds the
currency_symbol or
int_curr_symbol.
RETURN VALUES
The
localeconv() function returns a pointer to the filled-in object. The
structure pointed to by the return value may be overwritten by a
subsequent call to
localeconv().
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Rules used by four countries to format monetary quantities.
The following table illustrates the rules used by four countries to
format monetary quantities.
Country |
Positive |
Negative |
International -----------------+---------------+----------------+---------------
Italy (IT) | L.1.234 | -L.1.234 | ITL.1.234
-----------------+---------------+----------------+---------------
Netherlands (NE) | F 1.234,56 | F -1.234,56 | NLG 1.234,56
-----------------+---------------+----------------+---------------
Norway (NO) | kr1.234,56 | kr1.234,56- | NOK 1.234,56
-----------------+---------------+----------------+---------------
Switzerland (SW) | SFrs.1,234.56 | SFrs.1,234.56C | CHF 1,234.56
For these four countries, the respective values for the monetary members
of the structure returned by
localeconv() are as follows:
IT NE NO SW int_curr_symbol "ITL." "NLG " "NOK " "CHF "
currency_symbol "L." "F" "kr" "SFrs."
mon_decimal_point "" "," "," "."
mon_thousands_sep "." "." "." ","
mon_grouping "\3" "\3" "\3" "\3"
positive_sign "" "" "" ""
negative_sign "-" "-" "-" "C"
int_frac_digits 0 2 2 2
frac_digits 0 2 2 2
p_cs_precedes 1 1 1 1
p_sep_by_space 0 1 0 0
n_cs_precedes 1 1 1 1
n_sep_by_space 0 1 0 0
p_sign_posn 1 1 1 1
n_sign_posn 1 4 2 2
int_p_cs_precedes 1 1 1 1
int_n_cs_precedes 1 1 1 1
int_p_sep_by_space 0 0 0 0
int_n_sep_by_space 0 0 0 0
int_p_sign_posn 1 1 1 1
int_n_sign_posn 1 4 4 2
ATTRIBUTES
See
attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
+--------------------+-------------------------+
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+--------------------+-------------------------+
|CSI | Enabled |
+--------------------+-------------------------+
|Interface Stability | Standard |
+--------------------+-------------------------+
|MT-Level | MT-Safe with exceptions |
+--------------------+-------------------------+
The
localeconv() function can be used safely in multithreaded
applications, as long as
setlocale(3C) is not being called to change the
locale.
SEE ALSO
setlocale(3C),
attributes(7),
environ(7),
standards(7) December 12, 2003
LOCALECONV(3C)